Microbial Load, Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic Residues in Broiler Chicken

Chicken meat is highly preferred protein food worldwide. To meet the demand, huge poultry farms are established and using antibiotics as prophylaxis and treatment against the bacterial diseases. Uncontrolled usage of antibiotics has led to development of antibiotic resistance in poultry and antibiotic residues in poultry chicken. Fifty one chicken meat samples were collected from various retail outlets. Antibiotic residues were quantified by HPLC, total microbial load was measured by growth of bacteria on growth medium and antibiotic resistant profile of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus and Campylobacter spp was determined by well diffusion method. Except neomycin, all tested antibiotics were present in the range of 10-978 ppm, the average microbial load was in the range log 10 of 7.32 per gram of chicken sample, E. coli, Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus and Campylobacter spp were resistant to several antibiotics studied. Hence there is a need of appropriate usage of antibiotics in poultry and proper handling of chicken during farming and slaughtering.

Diurnal variation of central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in eyes with pseudoexfoliation

Purpose: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) is an age related microfibrillopathy characterized by deposition of whitish flaky material over various ocular tissues. PXS eyes are known to have thinner corneas and thus can lead to an underestimation in intraocular pressure measurement. The purpose of this study was to find if there is any variation in central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in PXS eyes and if there was any relationship between them. Methods: A prospective observational study was done on 141 eyes of 85 patients with PXS without glaucoma between November 2015 to April 2017 in the department of Ophthalmology in a tertiary hospital. CCT and IOP were measured by a handheld ultrasonic pachymeter (DGH Technology INC. Pachette 2, USA) and Goldmann applanation tonometer respectively at 4 different times during office hours. Results: A significant reduction of about 10 ?m in mean CCT and 1.4 mmHg in mean IOP was noted over the 4 sessions which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). A significant correlation exists between IOP and CCT in PXS eyes at all times during the day (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The CCT measurements show significant thinning throughout the day, similar drop in IOP was also noted. Our study shows that there is a significant correlation between diurnal variation of CCT and IOP. Hence, it is prudent to measure CCT along with IOP at all times.

Severe liver dysfunction in an infant with cystic fibrosis masquerading as metabolic liver disease.

We present a rare presentation of cystic fibrosis with neonatal cholestasis. Histological features of mucoviscidosis were present in liver involving the biliary tract, intestinal mucosa, pancreas, and lung. Besides, there was a rare association with autosomal dominant type of polycystic renal disease.

Implant Imaging: A Review of Literature.

Dental implants have revolutionized the field of dentistry and have gained immense popularity in recent days. It has become the choice of replacement of missing tooth in present days. It replaces the missing tooth without interference with oral function and speech. For perfect outcome of implant treatment, pre-surgical planning is important in which imaging plays a major role where two-dimensional and threedimensional views guide the dentist in perfect placement of an implant. Imaging of implant site is also used in surgical and post-surgical phases to determine success and failure of implants. This article mainly reviews different imaging modalities and their clinical implications used for implants.

Primary Lung Abscess in Early Infancy.

Background: Lung abscess is rare in early infancy. Case characteristics: We report two infants with lung abscess, who presented with short respiratory illness.Intervention: Infants were managed with broad spectrum antibiotics including Clindamycin. Needle aspiration was attempted in one case. Message: High index of suspicion in infants with respiratory distress of prolonged duration can help in reaching the diagnosis.

Interradicular dentin dysplasia associated with amelogenesis imperfecta with taurodontism or trichodentoosseous syndrome: A diagnostic dilemma.

Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disorder with diverse clinical presentation, where enamel is the tissue that is primarily affected either quantitatively or qualitatively. Hypomaturation/hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta with taurodontism is a rare variant of amelogenesis imperfecta which is often confused with trichodentoosseous syndrome. We report a rare case of hereditary enamel defect with taurodontism associated with interradicular dentin dysplasia.

Spontaneous globe luxation associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Spontaneous globe luxation is a rarely reported condition which can lead to complications like optic neuropathy. Common causes are thyroid eye disease, shallow orbit and floppy eyelid syndrome. We report a case of spontaneous globe luxation with the onset and severity associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To our knowledge, this is the first case of spontaneous globe luxation associated with COPD.

Lipid profiles in cerebral and hepatic tissues of wistar rats during chronic phosphamidon toxicity.

The possibility of alterations in function of lipids in structural components of membranes such as storage, protective coating on the surface, cell recognition, and tissue immunity during phosphamidon stress, prompted the present investigation. Specifically chosen doses of phosphamidon, viz, acute dose (AD) (1/2 LD50, 6.63 mg/kg body wt/day), and subacute dose (ASD) (1/3 LD50; 0.10 mg/kg body wt/day) were administered to male Wistar rats orally by gavage. After the stipulated treatment period, brain and liver from these rats were examined for lipid profiles such as cholesterol triglycerides and phospholipids, using standard biochemical procedures. An increase in lipid peroxidation in conjunction with reduced levels of lipid profiles indicated that the lipid profiles were variously affected depending on different altered chemical reactons in the tissues of animal under stress. The study shows that induced lipid peroxidation was on par with the reduced levels of lipid profiles, indicating that the lipid profiles under continued daily dosing of phosphamidon could generate free radicals, in spite of elevation in the levels of antioxidants, or antioxidant enzyme activity, or both.

Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) studies of some substituted benzenesulphonyl glutamines as tumour suppressors.

As a part of a composite programme of rational drug design (RDD), we had synthesized some substituted benzenesulphonyl glutamines and evaluated their inhibitory activities against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell line in Swiss albino mice. Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) studies of these inhibitory activities using Fujita-Ban model as well as Modified Hansch-Fujita model gave excellent correlations (correlation coefficient r = 0.89 and 0.82 respectively). These results could be useful in designing 'lead' compound with potent inhibitory activity on DNA and RNA synthesis and tumour development.